圣地亚哥是一个海岸天堂，以其迷人的海滩和令人难以置信的海洋生物而闻名。 如果您正在这个阳光明媚的城市寻找难忘的海洋生物体验，那就来城市游轮（City Cruises）吧！在这里，您可以亲眼目睹海狮、鲸鱼以及这些生物在自然栖息地的壮丽美景。加入我们的行列，享受探索圣地亚哥美丽水域的独特机会，了解为什么这些游览活动是任何访问或居住在圣地亚哥或大洛杉矶地区的人的必修课。

说明：

成年雄性加利福尼亚海狮通常呈巧克力棕色，很容易与雌性海狮区分开来，因为它们额头上有一个凸起，被称为 "瘤"。 矢状嵴.雄性也比雌性大得多，体长可达 6.5 到 8 英尺（2-2.5 米），体重 440 到 880 多磅（200-400 公斤）。成年雌性通常呈金黄色，体长约 5 到 6.5 英尺（1.5-2 米），体重 110 到 240 磅（50-110 公斤）。

范围和栖息地：

California sea lions range along the Pacific coast of North America and within the Gulf of California. They are often spotted hauled out of the water resting and playing on docks, jetties, beaches, and buoys, or swimming or resting nearby.

饮食

California sea lions are carnivores—they only eat meat. These active hunters prey on a variety of fish, small stingrays, squid, and octopus. While they have excellent eyesight both in and out of the water, they often rely on their sensitive vibrissae (whiskers) to detect and follow the movement of prey in dark or murky water conditions.

再现：

大多数加州海狮 新手村 (pupping grounds) are on islands in the southern part of their range, from the Channel Islands off Southern 进入加利福尼亚湾。通常在 6 月或 7 月，成年雌性会产下一只幼崽，哺育 6 到 12 个月。母海鸥会离开幼海鸥去寻找食物。栖息地的幼鸟会成群结队地社交和玩耍，这些幼鸟被称为 托婴所.回到栖息地后，母熊可以通过幼熊的气味和叫声找到并认出自己的幼熊。

行为：

California sea lions are extremely noisy, social, and playful animals. They are well-known for their distinctive barking. Like other pinnipeds (seals, sea lions, and walruses), California sea lions haul out from the water onto land to rest and socialize. They often rest in tightly packed groups at the haul out or at the water’s surface in groups called rafts. Sea lions often surf the waves or porpoise like a dolphin when playing, traveling at high speeds, or feeding.

PREDATORS：

加州海狮是大鲨鱼（尤其是大白鲨）和虎鲸的猎物。

现状与保护：

While California sea lions are not endangered or threatened, the population has declined in the past few years due to an unusual mortality event. Between 2013-2016, more than 9,000 California sea lion pups and yearlings were stranded along the California coast. Most of the stranded pups were abandoned too early by their mothers and were emaciated, dehydrated, and underweight when rescued. The mothers weaned their pups early because they unable unable to find enough high-quality prey like sardines near the rookeries. As a result, the mothers could not produce enough milk to continue to nurse their pups.

If you see a stranded sea lion, be sure to notify a local marine mammal stranding network. NOAA Fisheries has contact information for the network of marine mammal rescue organizations along the Pacific Coast of the United States. These rescue centers all have well-trained and highly qualified staff that may be able to rescue, rehabilitate, and return these malnourished sea lions to the sea when they reach a healthy weight.

您知道吗？

California sea lions are a type of pinniped, a group of marine mammals that includes all seals, sea lions, and walruses. Sea lions and fur seals are further grouped in the Otariidae family of “eared seals,” which share the key characteristic of external ear flaps, unlike “true seals” and walruses, which have a tiny opening on each side of the head.

当您观察海狮在海岸或码头上走动时，您会发现它们可以将后蹼收在身体下方，用四只蹼来 "走动"，这是耳海豹的另一个特征。海狮还有长长的、像翅膀一样的前鳍，它们可以上下移动在水中飞行。

动物园和水族馆中常见的 "训练有素的海豹 "是加州海狮。

您可以在圣地亚哥城市游轮公司的大多数游轮上看到加州海狮，也可以乘坐鲸鱼和海豚观赏探险游轮，享受圣地亚哥海湾最美的风景。 

您将一边欣赏迷人的海洋生物，一边聆听圣地亚哥国家历史博物馆的船上解说。

原发布日期2018 年 12 月 3 日